{"id":393,"date":"2026-02-23T17:36:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T14:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/?page_id=393"},"modified":"2026-02-23T17:37:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T14:37:39","slug":"formatting-guidelines","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/formatting-guidelines\/","title":{"rendered":"Formatting Guidelines"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNKUMBA INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t

Formatting Guidelines<\/span><\/span><\/h2><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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NIRC THEME 2026<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Catalyzing Research Knowledge & Innovation\nin Realizing SDGs<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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PAPER SIZE AND SPACING<\/strong><\/p>

  • Paper Size<\/em>: 8.5 inches by 11.0 inches (21.59cm by 27.94cm)<\/em>\u00a0OR A4<\/em><\/li>
  • Use 1.5pt for spacing<\/em><\/li>
  • Pages should be numbered<\/em><\/li><\/ul>

    TITLE<\/strong><\/p>

    • Title Text<\/em>: 14<\/em>pt<\/em>,\u00a0<\/em>Times New Roman,\u00a0<\/em>bold,<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/em>centred<\/em><\/li>
    • The first letter of the title should be capitalised.<\/em><\/li>
    • Leave a single space between the Title and Authors<\/em><\/li><\/ul>

      AUTHOR\u00a0<\/strong>AND AFFILIATION<\/strong><\/p>

      • Authors name should be written starting with the First name and followed by the middle (if any) or last name<\/em><\/li>
      • Single\u00a0<\/em>Author Names<\/em>: 12<\/em>pt<\/em>,\u00a0<\/em>Times New Roman<\/em>,<\/em>\u00a0bold and\u00a0<\/em>centred<\/em><\/li>
      • Multiple Authors Names: 12pt<\/em>,\u00a0<\/em>Times New Roman, bold<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<\/em>centred<\/em>. Each name should appear on a newline.<\/em><\/li>
      • Affiliation: 10pt Times New Roman, Italicised. This includes Institution\/company, country and email. Each of these should be on a newline<\/em>\u00a0and must appear below the name of each of the author(s)<\/em><\/li><\/ul>

        \u00a0<\/em>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>

        • Not more than 300 words<\/em><\/li>
        • Abstract Title: 12pt, Times New Roman, bold<\/em><\/li>
        • Body Text: 10pt, Times New Roman and the alignment should be justified<\/em><\/li>
        • Key words: 10pt, Times New Roman, Italicised and aligned to the left. At least 3 key words should be included on a new line one space below the abstract body text.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>

          BODY TEXT<\/strong><\/p>

          • 12pt, Times New Roman, 1.5pt Spacing, Justified.<\/li><\/ul>

            \u00a0<\/strong>HEADINGS<\/strong><\/p>

            Headings and subheadings should not be numbered. They should be bold and in sentence case. The structure is as follows but authors are free to alter it where necessary provided that the most important aspects of the paper are represented.<\/p>

            • Introduction<\/strong><\/li>
            • Literature Review<\/strong><\/li>
            • Methodology<\/strong><\/li>
            • Results<\/strong><\/li>
            • Discussion<\/strong><\/li>
            • Conclusion<\/strong><\/li>
            • Acknowledgments<\/strong><\/li>
            • References (Harvard Referencing Style edition 6 or later)<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>

              ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS<\/strong><\/p>

              • Abbreviations and acronyms should be defined the first time they are mentioned in the text. Authors should not use them in the title or headings.<\/li><\/ul>

                FIGURES AND TABLES<\/strong><\/p>

                • Tables and figures are to numbered i.e. Table 1 or Figure 1. And must have titles.<\/li>
                • They should be accompanied by captions\/footnotes placed below the table or figure. Footnotes should be font size 10pt and italicised.<\/li><\/ul>

                  Example<\/strong><\/p>

                  Table 1:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Title<\/p>

                  Table Column Head<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
                  Table column subhead<\/strong><\/td>Subhead<\/strong><\/td>Subhead<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
                  \u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

                  Source: Bank of Uganda 2021<\/em><\/p>

                  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS<\/strong><\/p>

                  • Acknowledgments should be included after the conclusion. Any information related to funding should also appear under this section. It should be formatted like the body text.<\/li><\/ul>

                    COPYRIGHT<\/strong><\/p>

                    Author(s) should leave space at the bottom of the first page to included copyright information.<\/p>

                    REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>

                    Authors should use Harvard Referencing Style edition 6 or later. Both in-text citations and a list of references should be included in the paper as illustrated in the examples below.<\/p>

                    BOOKS<\/strong><\/p>

                    The required elements for a book reference are:<\/p>

                    Author, Initials., Year. Title of book<\/em>. Edition. (only include this if not the first edition) Place of publication* (this must be a town or city, not a country): Publisher.<\/p>

                    Basheka, B.C., 2023.\u00a0Public administration in Africa<\/em>. 2nd Ed. Kampala: Edward Elgar.<\/p>

                    In text reference would read Basheka (2023) \u2026. Or \u2026 (Basheka, 2023)<\/p>

                    For multiple authors<\/strong>, include all the authors in the reference list.<\/p>

                    Adams, R.J., Weiss, T.D. and Coatie, J.J., 2010.\u00a0The World Health Organisation, its history and impact<\/em>. London: Perseus.<\/p>

                    The in-text reference for three or more authors should include only the first author\u2019s name followed by et al. For example (Adams et al., 2010) or Adams et al. (2010).<\/p>

                    For edited books<\/strong>, Author, Initials. ed., Year.\u00a0Title of book<\/em>. Edition. Place: Publisher.<\/p>

                    Keene, E. ed., 1988.\u00a0Natural language<\/em>. Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press.<\/p>

                    For chapters of edited books<\/strong>, Chapter author(s) surname(s) and initials., Year of chapter. Title of chapter followed by In: Book editor(s) initials first followed by surnames with ed. or eds. after the last name. Year of book.\u00a0Title of book<\/em>. Place of publication: Publisher. Chapter number or first and last page numbers followed by full-stop.<\/p>

                    Ingraham, P.W. 2003. Human Resource Management: Introduction. In: Peters, B.G. & Pierre, J. (Eds.),\u00a0Handbook of Public Administration<\/em>\u00a0London: Sage Publications. (pp.49-52).<\/p>

                    JOURNALS<\/strong><\/p>

                    The required elements for a reference are: Author, Initials., Year. Title of article.\u00a0Full Title of Journal<\/em>, Volume number (Issue\/Part number), Page number(s).<\/p>

                    Piazza, A. and Castellucci, F., 2014. Status in organization and management theory. Journal of Management<\/em>, 40(1), pp.287-315.<\/p>

                    NEWSPAPER ARTICLES<\/strong><\/p>

                    For newspaper articles the required elements for a reference are:<\/p>

                    Author, Initials., Year. Title of article or column header.\u00a0Full Title of Newspaper<\/em>, Day and month, page number.<\/p>

                    Odyek, J., 2023. Artisanal miners appeal to financial institutions for affordable loans.\u00a0The New Vision<\/em>, 4 Jan. p.15.<\/p>

                    For online newspaper articles<\/strong>, Author or corporate author, Year. Title of document or page.\u00a0Name of newspaper<\/em>, [type of medium] additional date information. Available at: < url> [Accessed date].<\/p>

                    Muzaale, F., 2023. Activists call for better mental health treatment.\u00a0The Daily Monitor<\/em>, [online] 4 January. Available at: <https:\/\/www.monitor.co.ug\/uganda\/news\/national\/activists-call-for-better-mental-health-treatment-4075200> [Accessed 04 Jan 2023].<\/p>

                    REPORTS<\/strong><\/p>

                    Author or corporate author, Year.\u00a0Title of document or page<\/em>. Available at: include web site address\/URL(Uniform Resource Locator) [Accessed date].<\/p>

                    WFP, 2022.\u00a0Annual Performance Report for 2021<\/em>. Available at: <https:\/\/www.wfp.org\/publications\/annual-performance-report-2021> [Accessed 4 Jan 2023].<\/p>

                    CONFERENCE REPORT AND PAPERS<\/strong><\/p>

                    The required elements for a conference\u00a0repor<\/strong>t are:<\/p>

                    Author(s), Year.\u00a0Full title of conference report<\/em>. Location, Date. Place of publication: Publisher.<\/p>

                    Kabale University, 2023. 1st International Conference on Governance, Leadership and Social Transformation<\/em>. Kampala, Uganda. March 06-08, 2022. Kampala: Mukono Publishers.<\/p>

                    For Conference papers<\/strong>, Author, Initials., Year. Full title of conference paper. In: followed by editor or name of organisation,\u00a0Full title of conference<\/em>. Location, Date. Place of publication: Publisher.<\/p>

                    Kalule, D., 2023. The state of public administration. In: Kabale University,\u00a01st International Conference on Governance, Leadership and Social Transformation<\/em>. Kampala, Uganda. March 06-08, 2022. Kampala: Mukono Publishers.<\/p>

                    PUBLICATIONS FROM WEBSITES<\/strong><\/p>

                    Author or corporate author, Year.\u00a0Title of document<\/em>. Producer\/Publisher. Available at: include web site address\/URL(Uniform Resource Locator) [Accessed date].<\/p>

                    Biswas, A., 2020.\u00a0New public management: meaning, 10 principles, and features<\/em>. Available at: < https:\/\/schoolofpoliticalscience.com\/new-public-management\/> [Accessed 11 Feb 2021].<\/p>

                    \u00a0<\/strong>DISSERTATIONS AND THESES<\/strong><\/p>

                    Authorship\/Organisation, Year.\u00a0Title\u00a0<\/em>(Doctoral dissertation or Master\u2019s Thesis, University). \u00a0web address\/URL<\/p>

                    Augusto, J.S., 2009.\u00a0Case studies of EdD and PhD dissertations in educational administration<\/em>\u00a0(Doctoral dissertation, University of Kansas). https:\/\/kuscholarworks.ku.edu\/handle\/1808\/5465<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    NKUMBA INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE NIRC THEME 2026 Catalyzing Research Knowledge & Innovation in Realizing SDGs PAPER SIZE AND SPACING Paper Size: 8.5 inches by 11.0 inches (21.59cm by 27.94cm)\u00a0OR A4 Use 1.5pt for spacing Pages should be numbered TITLE Title Text: 14pt,\u00a0Times New Roman,\u00a0bold,\u00a0and\u00a0centred The first letter of the title should be capitalised. Leave a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":306,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-393","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=393"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":398,"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/393\/revisions\/398"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nkumbauniversity.ac.ug\/nirc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}